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- NATION, Page 53American NotesTREESMade for The Shade
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- For centuries, magnificent elm trees graced the streets of
- American towns and cities, providing shade for all and
- inspiration for such writers as Eugene O'Neill (Desire Under
- the Elms). But since the 1930s, Dutch elm disease, spread by
- a pest called the elm bark beetle, has wiped out more than 100
- million of the leafy giants. Now elms may be poised for a
- welcome return.
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- That hope springs from at least two major scientific efforts
- to develop elms more resistant to Dutch elm disease. Within the
- next two years, the National Arboretum in Washington will
- distribute to nurseries several new varieties of elms that are
- less vulnerable to the Dutch elm disease fungus. Researchers
- believe that the new elms will be able to thrive even in the
- polluted conditions found in many cities.
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- In Harrisville, N.H., the Elm Research Institute has funded
- a project headed by Dr. Eugene Smalley of the University of
- Wisconsin to come up with a hardier elm. The tree is called the
- American Liberty Elm (after a famed Massachusetts tree under
- which George Washington purportedly took command of the
- Continental Army in 1775). The American Liberty has a smaller
- cell structure that prevents Dutch elm disease from spreading
- through the tree's vascular system. So far, Elm Research has
- distributed 75,000 of the new trees for prices ranging from $2
- to $5 each, a good start on its target of 1 million by the
- turn of the century. Says John Hansel, the institute's director
- and founder: "We will start seeing some beautiful streets again
- in ten years."
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